意外伤害儿童与正常儿童的心理学特点评估(英文)

Evaluation of the psychological characters of normal children and children with accidental injury

背景:儿童意外伤害中心理行为因素起重要作用。意外伤害儿童的性格及行为等心理学特点具有其特殊性。目的:探讨意外伤害儿童与正常儿童个性特质及行为特质的差异。设计:以患儿和正常儿童为调查对象的病例对照分析。单位:一所市级医院的小儿科。对象:2001-01/12在藤州市中心医院住院治疗7～11岁的意外伤害患儿131例,除外有先天性智力障碍和非脑共发出问卷89份,8份因资料不完整而被剔除,收回资料完整的病例81份(回收率为91.01%)。其中男50例,女31例,平均年龄(8.59±1.86)岁,Peabody图画词汇测验测试智商为96±15;对照组选择年龄、性别相匹配,父母文化程度、经济状况、居住条件、儿童受教育情况,居住地经济文化情况相似的无伤害病史的正常健康学龄儿童,共81例。男45例,女36例,平均(8.92±1.73)岁,Peabody图画词汇测验测试智商为(98±18)。两组儿童在性别、年龄、智商方面具有可比性(P>0.05)。方法:采用艾森克个性问卷和Achenback儿童行为量表(父母用表),对伤害组和对照组各81例进行测试。结果:两组各81例均无脱落。①艾森克个性问卷的精神质、内外向、神经质量表得分伤害组(50.01±10.58,55.19±12.1,57.35±10.12)均高于对照组(45.63±13.81,48.09±6.49,50.01±10.39),t=2.27～4.65,P<0.05,掩饰性量表得?

BACKGROUND:Psychological behaviors play an important role in children accident al injury,and children with a tendency of accidental injury display specific psy chological properties in characters and behaviors. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the difference of personality and behavioral characte rs between normal children and children with a tendency of accidental injury. DESIGN:Case controlled analysis based on suffered children and normal children . SETTING:Department of pediatric in a civic hospital. PARTICIPANTS:Totally 131 accidental injured children aged from 7 to 11 years w ere admitted at Tengzhou Civic center hospital between January and December 2001 .Those with congenital intellectual disturbance and brain trauma were excluded a nd the rest 89 cases were asked to fill questionnaire,8 were removed from the st udy due to unintegrated data and 81 pieces of integral data were collected(recla iming rate of 91.01%),including 50 males and 31 females with the mean age of (8 .59±1.86) years,the intelligence quotient was(96±15) determined by Peabody pic ture vocabulary test(PPVT); and 81 children in control group matched in age and sex were selected from healthy children of school age without injury history and similar in some aspects,such as parents' culture degree,economic condition,educ ational state and the economic and culture state of inhabitancy with control gro up,including 45 males and 36 females with the mean age of(8.92±1.73) years,the intelligence quotient was(98±18) by PPVT.Two groups were matched in sex,age and IQ(P >0.05). METHODS:Eysenck personality questionnaire and Achenback children behavioral ra ting scale(parents rating scale) were used. RESULTS:Data of two groups with 81 questionnaires in each entered into the fin al analysis without loss.①Scores for psychoticisim,introverted and extroverted character and neurological quality in Esonk personality questionnaire were(50.01 ±10.58,55.19±12.1,57.35±10.12) in injury group,higher than corresponding(45.6 3±13.81,48.09±6.49,50.01±10.39) in control group(t=2.27-4.65,P< 0.05).Scores for modified rating scale was(49.42±10.42) in control group,higher than(39.65 ±13.03) in injury group(P< 0.001);②The median was found higher in hyperactivit y,aggression,violation of discipline,bad communication,split anxiety,depression and physical complaint in boys of injury group; as well as in hyperactivity,crue lty,aggression,depression,physical complaint,social retreat,violation of law in girls of injury group,comparing to control group(P< 0.001);③Positive behavioral detecting rate of injury group was 32.09 %(26/81),higher than 11.11%(9/81) of control group(P < 0.001),OR was 3.78,and 95%CI was 1.66-8.59.Behavioral facto rs was proved of lower sensitivity(32.1%) with specificity of 88.9%and higher prognostic value of 74.3%;④The mean score for Achenback children behavioral ra ting scale was(39.84±10.99) in boy which was obviously higher than(34.26±10.43 ) in girls of injury group(P< 0.05). The median for violation of discipline and aggression in boys and depression in girls were significantly higher than the op posite sex group(P< 0.05 or 0.01).The mean score for Achenback children behavior al rating scale was(37.62±11.03) in injury group,which were obviously higher th an(17.77±12.12) of control group(P< 0.01).⑤Results of multiple factors Logisti c analysis revealed that the risk factors for accidental injury included:aggress ion,hyperactivity and violation of discipline in boys and aggression,violation o f discipline and depression in girls. CONCLUSION:Children with a tendency of accidental injury has obvious behaviora l problems,behavioral factors were proved of lower sensitivity,but of higher spe cific positive prognostic value.Both boys and girls displayed specific character s in aggression and violation of discipline,and lack of pretending capability co mparing to normal children,thereby liable to response in non rational manner.