“主义”之争与问题之辩——1930年代西方马克思主义文艺论争的理论反思

On the Arguement About Isms and Problems in Literature——The Rethinking of the Literary Controversy of Western Marxism in 1930s’

文学转型时期的主义之争几乎伴随文学史发展历程的每个阶段。1930年代有关表现主义的争论以及围绕现实主义与表现主义的优劣高下所进行的激烈论辩,构成马克思主义在20世纪初期文艺理论发展的独特思想景观;60年代西方学术界对于这场争论的意义有过积极的反思。卢卡契对现实主义的坚守、布洛赫、布莱希特等对以表现主义为代表的先锋艺术的理性阐释,以及争论中显示出的政治倾向与美学立场,从多个侧面给予后来的马克思主义文艺论争预设了一个经典的学术范式。

The argument about isms has usually taken place in almost every stage of literary development.The heated one about expressionism and realism in 1930s’constitutes the unusual thinking sights of Marxist literary theory in the 20th century.The western academia had an active reconsideration about this matter in 1960s. The special dispute manifests a classical academic model for the subsequent Marxist literary theorists through Lukacs’s persistence of realism,Bloch and Brecht’s reasonable explanation of expressionism and especially the political tendency and aesthetic standpoint of them all.