论经济全球化中国家的被动防护作用与积极作用

On the Passively Defending Role and the Active Role of the State in Economic Globalization

经济全球化对国家是双刃剑。国家往往希望在全球化中利用国家的作用趋利避害。然而,由于国际间竞争、国际经济体制的制约,以及以邻为壑的政策可能造成的国际紧张关系,国家通过保护主义的传统措施来保护自己的做法已经受到了越来越大的限制。国家在全球化中要想获得主动,根本之举是发挥国家的积极作用去创造人为的比较优势,如大力发展教育科技,培育创新和研发能力,开发人力资源、制定合理的产业政策,塑造良好的投资与法治环境等。这种积极的国家作用可以长远地保障国家的繁荣与强盛,减少国际冲突。

Economic globalization can be both beneficial and harmful to a state. Generally speaking, the government of a state expects to make use of its role to benefit from the economic globalization while avoid the disadvantage of it. However, international competition, limitations of the international economic system, and possible tension caused by policies that guard against domestic economy may cause harmful impact on international relation, and the traditional measures of protectionism are facing increasingly severe challenges. If a state wants to gain positive benefits in the course of globalization, it must play an active part in creating comparative advantages. This active role of a state such as mentioned above will promote power and prosperity of the country for a long period of time, and thus expected to reduce international conflicts.