纤维支气管镜引导经鼻气管插管建立人工气道的临床价值分析

Analysis the Clinic Value of Nasal Trachea Cannula Under the Guidance of Fibrobronchoscope to Establish Artificial Airway

目的:探讨纤维支气管镜(以下简称纤支镜)引导下经鼻气管插管建立人工气道的临床价值。方法:对我院2001年4月至2004年9月经气管插管救治的125例呼吸衰竭患者资料作回顾性分析,对纤支镜引导经鼻插管与经口喉镜明视插管各自成功率、留管时间、气管切开率、拔管率及患者的愈后情况进行比较。结果:经鼻插管59例共91次,成功率100%,经口插管66例,成功率97.1%;留管时间:经鼻插管组8.4±7.9d,经口插管组3.0±1.8d(P<0.01);气管切开率:经鼻插管组15.3%,经口插管组47.0%(P<0.01);拔管率:经鼻插管组32.2%,经口插管组15.2%(P<0.05);而两组中的COPD哮喘、重症肺炎患者的留管时间:经鼻组8.4±5.5d、经口组2.5±1.4d,气管切开率:经鼻组7.1%、经口组43.5%,拔管率:经鼻组46.4%、经口组17.4%(P均<0.01),在统计学上差异均有显著性。结论:纤支镜引导经鼻气管插管是成功率高、患者耐受性好、留管时间长、拔管率高、同时可避免或减少气管切开率的气管插管方法,尤其适合于有慢性肺部疾病的患者。

Objective: To investigate the clinic value of nasal trachea cannula under the guidance of fibrobronchoscope to establish artificial airway. Method:Retrospectively analyses 125 cases respiratory failure patients remedied by tracheal intubation in our hospital from 2001-04 to 2004-09. Comparing achievement ratio, time of detained airtube,incision of trachea ratio, extubate ratio, and sufferers' post-recovery condition of nasal trachea cannula under the guidance of fibrobronchoscope and oral trachea cannula under the guidance of laryngeal endoscope. Result: Nasal trachea cannula 59 cases total 91 times ,achievement ratio 100%,oral trachea cannula 66 cases,achievement ratio 97.1%; time of detained airtube:the group of nasal trachea cannula 8.4±7.9d, the group of oral trachea cannula 3.0±1.8d(P<0.01); incision of trachea ratio: the group of nasal trachea cannula 15.3%, the group of oral trachea cannula 47.0%(P<0.01); extubate ratio: the group of nasal trachea cannula 32.2%, the group of oral trachea cannula 15.2%(P<0.05); Among two groups, the COPD, asthma, grave pneumonia sufferers' time of detained airtube: the group of nasal trachea cannula 8.4±5.5d, the group of oral trachea cannula 2.5±1.4d(P<0.01), incision of trachea ratio: the group of nasal trachea cannula 7.1%, the group of oral trachea cannula 43.5%(P<0.01), extubate ratio: the group of nasal trachea cannula 46.4%, the group of oral trachea cannula 17.4%(P<0.01). The difference is significance statistically. Conclusion: Nasal trachea cannula under the guidance of fibrobronchoscope is a high achievement ratio tracheal intubation method with better sufferer tolerance, longer time of detained airtube, higher extubate ratio, and which could avoid or reduce incision of trachea simultaneously, especially suit the chronic pulmonary disease patients.