“事实正义论”:自传(传记)文学的叙事伦理

Theories of Truth and Justice: Narrative Ethics of (Auto)biographical Literature

在自传(他传)叙事中,本论文主张伦理学的“正义独立于善的康德说”,即不对自传(传记)事实作目的论的解释,一个事实也许隐瞒比坦白更有利于传主或其亲属的生活,给他们带来所谓的“善”。但是这是违反自传(传记)文本真实性原则的错误观念,因此,论者在这里郑重提出了“事实正义”理论,以给步履唯艰的自传叙事提供诗学理论支持。当“事实正义”理论由自传中的自我叙述和叙述他者扩展到整个传记文学叙事的时候,其理论的实践意义更是毋容质疑的。

In terms of autobiographical narration,this paper stands for Kant’s theory that justice is out of goodness, and holds the opinion that one should not explain autobiography facts for his own purpose. Apparently disguising a fact may be beneficial to the life of the subject of the autobiography or the lives of his siblings, bringing them so-called goodness. However, this idea is against the principle of truth. The author of this paper provides the theory of truth and justice, and supports the poor autobiographical narration with poetic theory.