佛道争衡与吕洞宾飞剑斩黄龙故事的变迁

The Competition between Buddhism and Taoism and the Changes of the Story of L Dongbin's Killing Yellow Dragon wi th a Flying Sword

本文从宗教史和文学史相结合的角度,梳理了吕洞宾飞剑斩黄龙故事系统的流变;认为这一故事系统是佛道两教在争衡过程中建构的宗教神话,不仅体现了禅宗心性理论和内丹道教性命双修理论的内在冲突,而且体现了道教丹道理论、佛道话语方式的变迁,这个故事的道教内涵最后由清修变为男女双修并随着其宗教背景的淡化而逐渐世俗化;与此同时,宗教之间的这种冲突与变迁不仅为文学提供了基本的主题和基本的素材,更重要的是为文学提供了表达方式、修辞手段和建构能力。

This text goes through the serial changes of the story o f Lü Dongbin's Killing Yellow Dragon with a Flying Swo rd from the j oint angle of religious and literary historical viewpoints, and deem s that this story is a religious legend constructed in the process o f the competition between Buddhism and Taoism, which is not only rep resented in the inner conflict between Zen's theory of min d and the Taoist theory of “inside bills” (内丹) and the dual cult ivation of spirit and flesh (性命双修), but also in the changes of the Taoist theory of “inside bills” and the mode of Buddhist discou rse. This story is secularized by the change from the personal culti vation to the dual cultivation by way of man-and-woman's s exual interc ourse. All these religious contents render the basic theme and rude materials, even more essentially, the expressive means and constructiv e capacity to the literary creation of such a kind of works.