家兔颈内动脉内皮损伤引起血管狭窄模型的研究

Rabbit Model of Vascular Stenosis after Internal Carotid Artery Endothelial Balloon Injury

目的探讨颈内动脉内皮不同损伤强度在不同时间出现狭窄的相关性。方法由颈外动脉向颈内动脉插入相同规格气囊,分别充入1、2、3Pa的压力,反复重复3次,分别在造型1、2、3周时各处死一批家兔,观察造型家兔血管内皮的病理学改变及相关活性因子的变化。结果实验结果表明,在血管内膜损伤强度为2Pa,球囊直径为3.0mm,球囊长度为20mm,插入深度为30mm的条件下,在造型时间为3周时,造型家兔血管内皮可呈现典型狭窄性病理变化,血浆TXB2、GMP-140、ET-1、CGRP含量、全血粘度明显增高,红细胞聚集指数、聚集面积增加,红细胞变形指数、变形面积、血浆6-keto-PGF1α含量明显减少。结论在球囊压力为2Pa,造型时间为3周时可得到与临床极为相似的狭窄性动物模型,血管内膜、中膜明显增厚,相关活性因子变化显著,能满足药理学研究的需要。

Objective To explore the relationship between intensity of injury to internal carotid artery endothelium and formation of stenosis. Methods Baloon of the same size was inserted into the internal carotid artery via external carotid artery in rabbits. Then it was charged with air to a pressure of 1, 2, 3 Pa, respectively, and to be drawn back and pushed forth repeatedly for three times. The rabbits were killed at 1, 2, 3 weeks after balloon injuries, respectively. Pathological alterations of the arteries were examined and changes of cytokines of endothelial cells in the rabbits were assayed. Results When the rabbits were treated with a baloon of 3 0 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length, inserted into the artery 30 mm deep, and the animals were killed at 3 weeks later, typical pathological changes of arterial stenosis were observed, the content of TXB 2, GMP 140, ET 1, CGRP in plasma and whole blood viscosity were significantly increased, and erythrocytes aggregation index, erythrocyte deformation index, deformation area, content of 6 keto PGF 1α in plasma were significantly decreased. Conclusion Animal model of arterial stenosis can be created at 3 weeks after bloon injury treatment to the arteries under air pressure of 2 Pa. Clinically, the stenosis in rabbit models is very similar to that in humans, with significantly thickened arterial intima and media, and significant changes of related blood active factors. Such animal models of arterial stenosis may well satisfy needs of related pharmacological studies.