调神益气针法对多发梗死性痴呆大鼠脑内兴奋性氨基酸含量变化的影响

Tiaoshen yiqi acupuncture method for the changes of excitatory amino acids in brain of multiinfarct dementia rats

目的:各种奋性氨基酸在学习记忆中具有不同的地位和作用,针刺可特异性地调节某些氨基酸的含量,使之在脑内重新分布,本实验观察调神益气针法对多发梗死性痴呆大鼠脑内兴奋性氨基酸含量变化的影响。方法:实验于2003-03/2004-03在天津中医学院第一附属医院老年病研究室完成。选用雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为5组,正常组8只、假手术组8只、模型组7只、针刺组9只和非穴位组8只。通过栓子注入法对模型组、针刺位组和非穴位组大鼠制作为多发梗死性痴呆模型;假手术组手术方法同模型制作,只在注射时以生理盐水0.3mL代替栓子溶液;正常组未进行手术及造模。针刺组、非穴位组于造模2周后开始针刺,1次/d,治疗6d,休息1d,3周共治疗18次。模型组、假手术组和正常组进行与针刺组和非穴位组相同时间、相同程度的捉抓刺激。检测各组大鼠干预后不同脑区谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺含量。结果:大鼠40只均进入结果分析。①谷氨酸含量变化:在皮质区及纹状体区,各组之间无明显差异(P>0.05);在海马区,模型组及非穴位组均明显高于正常组(P<0.05),而针刺组谷氨酸含量明显低于模型组(P<0.05)及非穴位组(P<0.05)。②谷氨酰胺含量变化:在皮质区及海马区,各组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。模型组纹状体区明显高于正常组(P<0.01),而针刺组明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。③天冬氨酸含量变化:在各脑区,与正常组比较,模型组(除外皮质)及非穴位组均明显升高(P<0.01);而针刺组均明显低于模型组(P<0.05或P<0.01)及非穴位组(P<0.01)。④天冬酰胺含量变化:模型组及非穴位组大鼠皮质及纹状体区明显高于正常组(P<0.01);针刺组皮质明显低于模型组(P<0.01)及非穴位组(P<0.01),在纹状体亦低于非穴位组(P<0.05);在海马区,各组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:调神益气针法可调节多发梗死性痴呆大鼠脑内兴奋性氨基酸的异常代谢,从而降低氨基酸类神经递质所介导的兴奋性神经毒性作用,趋于正常水平,这可能是针刺改善痴呆的作用机制之一。

AIM:Each kind of excitatory amino acids has different roles and statuses in learning and memory.Acupuncture can regulate the content and distribution of some excitatory amino acids.This study aimed to observe the effect of tiaoshen yiqi acupuncture method on the changes excitatory amino acids in brain of multiinfarct dementia rats. METHODS:The experiment was finished in the Department of Gerontology,First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2003 to March 2004.A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly into five groups: normal group(n=8),sham operation group(n=8),model group(n=7),acupuncture group (n=9) and nonacupoint group(n=8). The multiinfarct dementia model was established by injecting emboli into the internal carotid artery in model group,acupuncture group and nonacupuncture point group.Rats in sham operation group were injected with 0.3 mL saline,and normal group received no operation.Rats in acupuncture group and nonacupoint group received acupuncture for 3 weeks,once per day and 6 continuous days per week.Normal group,sham operation group and model group received catching stimulation as the same time and degree as other groups.The content of glutamic acid,glutamine,aspartic acid and agedoite in different cerebral regions was detected after intervention. RESULTS:All rats were involved in the result analysis.①There was no significant difference in the content of glutamic acid in cortex and striatum between groups(P >0.05);it increased in hippocampus in model group and nonacupoint group as compared with that in normal group(P< 0.05);however,it decreased significantly in acupuncture group as compared with that in model group and nonacupoint group(P< 0.05).②There was no significant difference in the content of glutamic acid in cortex and hippocampus between groups(P >0.05);it increased in striatum in model group as compared with that in normal group(P< 0.01);however,it decreased significantly in acupuncture group as compared with model group(P< 0.01). ③The content of aspartic acid increased in model group(except in cortex) and nonacupoint group as compared with normal group(P< 0.01);it decreased significantly in acupuncture group as compared with model group and nonacupuoint group(P< 0.05,0.01).④The content of agedoite in cortex and striatum increased significantly in model group and nonacupoint group as compared with normal group(P< 0.01);it decreased significantly in cortex in acupuncture group as compared with in that in model group and nonacupoint group(P< 0.01),and decreased in striatum as compared with in that in nonacupoint group(P< 0.05);and there was no significantly in the content of agedoite in hippocampus among groups(P >0.05). CONCLUSION:Tiaoshen yiqi acupuncture method can regulate the abnormal metabolism of excitatory amino acids in brain of multiinfarct dementia rats,so as to decrease the excitabilitve neurotoxic effect mediated by amino acid neurotransmitter to the normal,which may be one of the mechanisms of acupuncture in improving dementia.