甜樱桃茎尖培养脱毒研究

In vitro shoot tip tissue virus-free culture of sweet cherry

以甜樱桃(PrunusaviumL.)嫩梢芽为外植体进行了茎尖组培脱毒研究,筛选出的增殖培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L+GA30.5mg/L+AgNO35.0～10.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂7g/L,丛生芽增殖数达到6个以上;确定良好的生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.7mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L+蔗糖20g/L+琼脂7g/L,生根率达75.1%,移栽成活率可达80.5%以上;利用生物学方法对甜樱桃试管苗进行了初步病毒鉴定,结果表明,0.5～0.8mm茎尖培养对苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(ACLSV)和李矮缩病毒(PDA)的脱毒率达39.4%和48.1%;0.5mm以下茎尖培养对ACLSV和PDA的脱毒率达75.8%和78.6%,证明甜樱桃试管苗0.5mm以下的小茎尖培养能有效脱除ACLSV和PDA病毒。

<Abstrcat>Buds or tender stem of sweet cherry as the explant,the micropropagation was studied.The culture medium of MS+ 6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+AgNO_3 5.0-10.0 mg/L+sucrose (30 g/L)+agar 7 g/L was screened out and used,its buds were up to more than 6.Meanwhile,the inducing rate on culture medium of 1/2 MS+IBA 0.7 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+sucrose 20 g/L+agar 7 g/L was responsible for root growth up to 75.1% and the survival rate by transplanting up to more than 80.5% were accounted for the optimum one.Using biological technique,apple chlorotic Leaf spot virus (ACLSV) and Prunus dwarf virus (PDV) were primary detected in some of sweet cherry plantlets in vitro,and the results showed the virus-free rate of ACLSV and PDV were 39.4% and 48.1% respectively on 0.5-0.8 mm shoot tip;the virus-free rate of ACLSV and PDV were 75.8% and 78.6% on less than 0.5 mm shoot tip,which proved that ACLSV and PDV could be eliminated effectively from sweet cherry plantets in vitro by culture of shoot tip less than 0.5 mm.