浅谈《马氏文通》与现代汉语词类划分标准之比照

On comparison between Ma Shi Wen Tong and dividing criterion of word class in modern Chinese language

纵观汉语语法发展史,将《马氏文通》确立的词类划分标准与现代汉语的词类划分标准相比照,结果发现马建忠提出的词类划分标准,即以意义和句法功能为标准,至今仍是现代汉语划分词类的主要标准。由此可见《马氏文通》确立的汉语词类体系及词类划分标准具有相当的科学性。《马氏文通》在汉语语法史上的重要影响亦可见一斑。

Looking back upon the grammatical development history of Chinese la ng uage,the author has compared the dividing criterion of word class established by “Ma Shi Wen Tong”with that of modern Chinese language and found the dividing c riterion of word class put forward by MaJian-zhong,that is ,taking sense and gr ammatical function as the criterion still remains the main one in modern Chinese language when dividing the word class.Thus conclusion has been made that the wo rd class system and dividing criterion established by “Ma Shi Wen Tong”are qui te scientific,and it has a great influence on grammatical history of Chinese lan guage.