微波辅助萃取洋葱精油的研究

Study on Technology of Extracting of Onion Essential Oil by Microwave-assisted Method

本实验以精油产率为评价指标,进行了洋葱精油的微波辅助萃取工艺研究,考察了萃取溶剂种类、温浸时间、萃取温度、萃取时间和料液比对精油产率的影响,并在单因素考察基础上,通过正交实验设计得出优化工艺条件。结果表明,在以二氯甲烷为萃取溶剂,萃取温度25℃,萃取时间45s,酶解时间1.5小时,料液比1∶5的条件下可得到最优工艺条件。与传统的溶剂浸提法、索氏提取法相比较,微波辅助提取具有提取时间短、效率高、节约能源、产品质量高、原料利用率高、无污染等优点,并且明显提高了洋葱油中二丙基二硫醚组分的含量。

With the yield of essential oil as the evaluation index,the technology of extracting of onion essential oil by microwave-assisted method was studied. The effects of extracting solvent,soaking time,extracting temperature,extracting time and the rate of raw material and solvent on the yield of onion essential oil were investigated. The optimal conditions of microwave-assisted extracting onion oil were obtained by orthogonal experiments,which was extracting temperature 25℃,extracting time 45s,enzymatic time 1.5h, the rate of raw material and solvent 1∶5.And CH_2Cl_2 was the optimal extracting solvent. Compared with Soxhlet method and solvent extracting method,microwave-assisted extraction offers many advantages, such as a short extracting time,high efficiency, a reduced energy consumption, smaller volumes of chemical solvents, use of less toxic solvents and a smaller quantity of waste products,and the content of CH_3CH_2CH_2-S-S-CH_2CH_2CH_3 was improved greatly.