试论明初入仕元官的境遇与心态

On the Circumstances and Inner World of the Officers Who Had Ever Been Officers in the Yuan Dynasty during the Early Ming Dynasty

元末官僚系统的崩溃及朱元璋的拉拢与笼络使元官入仕明朝具有一定的主动性,他们在明初享受的待遇较元末也相对优厚,但其入明后的心态却显得矛盾和复杂。无所适从的贰臣角色和政治羁绊下的卑微人格使他们的心态日益压抑与苦闷,也预示了其结局的不可琢磨。入仕元官虽对明初政治和社会发展有重要作用,但对明代政治走向的影响却微乎其微。

The collapse of the bureaucrat system during the late Yuan Dynasty and exchange flattery and favors of Zhuyuanzhang made it initiative for the officers who had ever been officers during the Yuan Dynasty to be officers during the early Ming Dynasty,they were treated better in the early Ming Dynaty than the late Yuan Dynasty,but their inner world is contradictory and mixed.The role which they served as officers in two dynasties and didn't know whom to turn to and lowly personality under the political yoke made them fell increasingly depressed,also foreboded the subtle result.Although these officers played important roles in the politics and social development of the early Ming Dynasty,they played few roles in the influence on the political trend.