伊拉克对阿拉伯河河界争端的态度及其政策演变

Evolution of Iraqi Attitudes and Policies about the Shatt al-Arab Boundary Dispute

阿拉伯河对伊拉克来说具有重要的经济和战略意义,对其国家安全至关重要,历届伊拉克政府无论其政治体制和意识形态如何,都主张对整条阿拉伯河拥有主权,基于其自身实力和国际环境的因素,她对阿拉伯河的态度和政策又是不断变化的。从奥斯曼帝国时期的对阿拉伯河的安全主导权,到现代伊拉克只享有一半的主权,这一演变过程不仅反映了伊拉克本身的变化,而且在一定程度上昭示了中东地区复杂的利益格局及其变动趋向。

The Shatt al-arab has important economy and strategy significance for Iraq and its national security, no matter how its political system and ideology are in all previous Iraqi governments,Iraq maintains that it has the sovereignty to the whole Shatt al-Arab. But because of its own strength and the factor of international environment,its attitude toward the Shatt al-Arab and policy is constantly changeable.From the leading right of security to the Shatt al-Arab during the period of Ottoman empire to modern Iraq which it only enjoys half of the sovereignty.the evolution process not only reflects the change of Iraq,but also shows the complex interest pattern of the whole middle East are and the change trend to some degree.