悬停旋翼下洗流对导弹的气动特性和初始弹道的干扰研究

Aerodynamic characteristics and initial ballistic interference on a missile by a helicopter's rotor down-wash in hovering

用广义尾流模型计算了悬停旋翼下洗流场,在此基础上用工程方法计算了有旋翼尾流干扰和无旋翼尾流干扰两种条件下的某空空导弹的气动特性。将气动力计算和初始弹道计算相耦合,计算了导弹的初始弹道,给出了气动参数沿初始弹道的变化曲线,并对计算结果进行了分析。数值计算结果表明旋翼下洗流对导弹的气动特性和初始弹道有显著的影响,在尾迹区内导弹的气动参数变化较大,尾迹区外气动参数变化比较平缓;弹道参数与无下洗流干扰条件下相比也有很大不同。本文揭示了旋翼尾流对导弹的气动干扰规律和导弹的初始运动规律,研究成果对改进机载导弹的发射技术和弹道控制有重要的意义。

When a missile is launched from a helicopter, it will get strong aerodynamic interference exerted by the rotor down-wash flow. To study the aerodynamic interference of a helicopter rotor down-wash flow on the missile is very important to ameliorate the launch technique of the missile carried by a helicopter. The rotor down-wash flowfield was calculated using generalized down-wash flow model. On this basis, the air-to-air missile aerodynamic characteristic along the initial ballistic was calculated on both the conditions with and without rotor down-wash flow by engineering method. Coupling aerodynamic calculation and initial ballistic calculation, the missile' s initial ballistic was calculated. The variation of aerodynamic parameters along the initial ballistic was provided, and the result was analyzed. Numerical calculation result indicated that rotor down-wash had remarkable influence on aerodynamic characteristic and initial ballistic of the missile. The aerodynamic parameters changed quickly within the rotor wake area, while outside the rotor wake area, they changed smoothly. The ballistic parameters had obvious difference with those without the rotor down-wash interference. The rule of aerodynamic interference on a missile exerted by the rotor down-wash flow was posted, and the rule of initial movement of the missile with the rotor down-wash interference was also posted. The research has reference value on ameliorating the launch technique and the ballistic control of the missile carried by a helicopter.