交际心态与谦敬用语——兼谈“对不起”被“不好意思”替代

Psychology of Communication and Humble Words: About “Duibuqi”Replaced by“Buhaoyisi”

社会通行的谦敬用语是对我国历史文化中重视礼仪这一传统的继承。“不好意思”“对不起”本是人们在社会交际中产生负欠心理后通常会使用的谦敬用语,所选词语的层级与负欠心理的强弱相应。这两个轻重本有差异的道歉用语近年有合流的趋向,且显示出以轻代重的趋势,这一趋势违背了谦敬用语的使用原则之一——升级原则。

Paying great attention to ceremony and propriety is a fine tradition in Chinese history and culture, and general humble words are inheritance of the tradition. “Buhaoyisi”(不好意思) and “Duibuqi”(对不起) are usual humble words used by psychology of apology. In the communicative situation,choice between these two words is basically dependent on the psychological factor. Recently the two different words seem to merge into one, this phenomenon has violated the upgrading principle of humble words.