论《红楼梦》的忧患意识

On the Consciousness of Hardship and Sufferings in "A Dream in Red Mansion"

《红楼梦》文本中充满了悲悯意绪,这是由于作者曹雪芹秉承了中国古代文人士大夫的优秀品质,具有浓重的忧患意识。但由于曹雪芹的家族变故和明清李贽、王夫之、戴震等思想家的"异端"学说的影响,加之他个人特殊的秉性,曹雪芹的悲悯情怀又有着自己更为深刻的内涵,并且超越了他的时代,带有了近代人文主义思想的新质。

<Abstrcat>The novel of 'A Dream in Red Mansion' is filled with sadness and sorrow because the author, Cao Xueqin, has inherited the good quality of the senior officials in literary field and has the strong sense of hardship and sufferings. But the rise and fall of his family, the influence of the great thinkers such as Li Zhi, Wang Fuzhi, and Dai Zhen in Ming dynasty have enriched the connotation of Cao Xueqin's emotion of sadness and sympathy, which surpasses his time and gives it a new quality of modern humanism. This quality takes an important position in the spiritual history both in China and in the world.