136例静脉滴注抗菌药物不良反应分析

Analysis of 136 cases of adverse drug reactions of intravenous drip of antibacterials

目的:调查门急诊病人静脉滴注使用抗菌药物不良反应(ADR)的发生率、临床表现及相关因素,探讨抗菌药物的合理给药方案.方法:统计2004年1～12月期间上海市吴泾医院所有门急诊静脉滴注病人使用抗菌药物及发生ADR的情况.结果:总体ADR发生率为0.50%.女性ADR的发生率高于男性,ADR累及的系统器官主要是皮肤及附件,占48.53%.临床表现为红斑疹、斑丘疹、荨麻疹、水疱疹.结论:合理使用抗菌药物,控制剂量和滴速,减少和避免ADR发生.

Objective: To investigate the adverse drug reaction (ADR) rates, clinical manifestations and related factors in the outpatients who had been treated with antibacterials by intravenous drip, and to guide rational drug use. Methods: All outpatients experiencing ADR of antibacterials by intravenous drip in Shanghai Wujing Hospital from Jan, 2004 to Dec, 2004 were analyzed. Results:The average rate of ADR of antimicrobials was 0.50%. ADR rate in females was higher than that in males. The most frequent ADRs were damages to the skin and its appendages, accounting for 48.52% of all ADRs and the common clinical symptoms were erythematous rash, maculopapular rash, urticaria and vesicular rash. Conclusion: The rational use of antibacterials, strict control of drug dosage and drip rate can reduce or prevent ADRs of antibacterials.