使用用例分析技术捕获需求

Eliciting Software Requirement by Use Case Analysis Method

一般来说,软件系统天生就是无形、抽象、复杂的,并且———至少从理论上来说———它们是可无限改变的。文中引入著名的"石头问题",说明客户的"石头系统"的需求从一开始就是含糊的,如果没有一种正确的需求分析方式,开发人员以及所有创建、测试、推广使用和维护人员很难在零时间内以零消耗完成系统开发。因此,使用用例分析技术,通过用例的进化,在早期就确定了稳定的需求,然后把需求转化到后续的分析和设计中,从而完成一个工程化的过程。文中结合《客户关系管理系统》项目实际,详细描述了捕获需求的完整过程。

Generally speaking, the software system is invisible, abstract and complicated naturally, and they can be changed indefinitely in theories at least. At first, this text uses the famous problem'the rock problem' to explain that the requirement of the customer's'the rock system' is unclear at the beginning. If we do not use a right method of requirement analysis, it is very difficult to complete the system development in zero times with zero consume for all persons, who develop, create, test, expand and use, support the system. So, we can make sure the stable requirement with the evolution of the use cases in earlier period, used by the use case analysis method. Then we can convert the requirement to the follow-up analysis and designs, thus completing the engineering process. Combining Customer Relation Manage System practical item, the process of capturing requirement is detailed described.