中国教育投资对经济增长贡献率研究

On the Contribution Rate of Education Investment to the Economic Growth

以国家统计局发布的1952—2003年度的统计数据为基础,对我国教育投资与经济增长的内在依存关系进行计量分析结果表明:我国教育投资与经济增长之间存在着十分明显的双向因果关系,即GDP变化是引起教育投资变化的原因,同时教育投资变化也是引起GDP变化的原因。1952—2003年,我国教育投资对经济增长的贡献率约为24.4%,实施以市场为导向的经济改革以后,教育投资对经济增长的贡献率有了明显的提高,由改革前的22.8%上升到改革后的29.7%,提高了约7个百分点。

There is a close relationship between the educational investment and economic growth, but not the simple linearity relationship. This article is based on statistics from 1952 to 2003 which State Statistics Bureau releases, adopting generalized difference regress analytical method to reveal the relationship between the two, and set up relevant mathematics models. Studies have shown that obvious bidirectional causality exists between the educational investment and economic growth in our country, that is to say the change of GDP results in the change of educational investment, and the latter also cause the former. From 1952 to 2003, the contributions of educational investment to the economic growth make up 24.4 percent. After implementing the market-oriented economic reform, this contribution rate improves obviously, climbing from 22.8 percent to 29.7 percent. So in programming the economic growth issue of a country, we can't ignore the function of educational investment. The focus on the issue of educational investment is the quantity of educational investment, ignoring the rational structure of educational investment and the optimizing distribution of educational resource. The author believes that increase of the total amount has just offered material base and possibility for economic growth, but not equals to the economic growth itself. Turning educational investment into economic growth depends on keeping rational education investment structure, optimizing the distribution of educational resources, and improving the efficiency of resource, and vice versa. In order to make full use of the educational investment's active function in propelling the economic growth, the whole society should pay close attention to increase of the educational investment quantity, at the same time the structure of educational investment and the efficiency of educational resources should be attached importance to.