试论康德前近代西方伦理学的认识论倾向

On the Epistemological Trend of Modern Western Ethics before Kant

西方文化特别是近代西方文化充满了对科学的信任和迷恋。这直接导致了近代西方哲学包括伦理学的认识论转向。近代西方哲学家力图把伦理学变成纯属智力范围的一门学科,似乎美德是可以借助某种科学的方法(或数学,或力学)而得以发现的,似乎善恶是可以借助某种逻辑的工具(或归纳,或演绎)而得以认识的,似乎应该像建立一种实验物理学一样来建立一种道德学。

Western culture, especially western culture of modern times, is full of trust and infatuation to science. This directly led to the Epistemological turn of modern times' Western philosophy, including Ethics. Modern times' western philosophers tried to change the Ethics into the subject of belonging purely to the scope of intelligence. It seems that virtue can be found by drawing support from a certain scientific method (or Maths, or mechanics), that kindness and evil can be knew by drawing support from a certain tool of logic (or induce, or deduction), and that we should set up the morality just like setting up a kind of experimental physics.