美国商业银行工商信贷面临的挑战、采取的对策及蕴涵的启示

Challenge to American Commercial Banks in Extending Industrial and Commercial Credit, Their Countermeasures and Implications to China

近年来需求、供给与产品之间的互动,使美国工商信贷市场需求下滑,风险增加,收益下降。此外,次级与衍生市场使银行信贷要接受开放、透明、竞争的交易市场的检验。美国商业银行通过改革商业模式、明确市场定位、完善风险控制、差异信贷产品、强化市场营销和提高操作效率,成功地应对了挑战。美国商业银行在工商信贷市场上所遇到的难题在我国工商信贷市场上也初现端倪。随着我国市场经济改革的深化,国有商业银行应借鉴美国商业银行的实践,构建核心竞争力、完善信用风险管理体系、强化企业信贷经营及优化企业信贷流程,才能赢得工商信贷市场的竞争。

Interaction between supply and demand with products in recent years has reduced the demand on industrial and commercial credit market in US, subjecting it to greater risks and lesser profit. Moreover, secondary and derivative market has pressed banks to have their credit tested by an open, transparent and competitive exchange market. Thanks to their effort to reform business models, define market position, improve risk control, diversify credit products, strengthen marketing approaches and raise operation efficiency, American commercial banks have successfully met such challenges. The difficulties encountered by American commercial banks are also found in our market of industrial and commercial credit. With the deepening of the reform towards market economy in our country, state-owned commercial banks should learn from their American counterparts, create their core competitiveness, improve credit risk management system, strengthen enterprise credit management and optimize enterprise credit process so as to survive the market competition.