土地开发整理项目中的水土保持问题研究——以河南省唐河县土地整理项目为例

Study on Problems of Soil and Water Conservation in Land Development and Consolidation Project ——the Case of Land Consolidation Project of Tanghe County,Henan Province

与水土保持密切相关的土地整理项目其区域分布主要是在风沙区和山地丘陵区,其中以丘陵区为最多。论文选取处于丘陵区的河南省唐河县土地整理项目为研究区,从项目的总体规划和具体设计两个方面探讨土地开发整理中需注意的水土保持问题。坡度是丘陵山区造成水土流失的一个重要因素。项目区的土地整理应基于坡度规划适宜的土地利用方式:(1)0～3°为耕地,以增加有效耕地面积;(2)3～6°为果粮间作地,增加耕地的同时,结合水土保持发展经济林果业;(3)6°以上为林地,保持水土,为农业发展提供保障。此外,还要根据当地自然条件设计好梯田田块和田面,以防治水土流失。

<Abstrcat>It is very important for land development and consolidation project to control soil and water loss.Usually,the projects of land development and consolidation concerning soil and water loss are located in mountain or hilly area and sand area,and mostly in hilly area.Taking a hilly land consolidation project in Tanghe county of Henan Province as study area,problems of soil and water conservation in the process of land consolidation are probed from two aspects of project plan and design.Gradient is an important factor causing soil and water loss in hilly area.Therefore,it is necessary to plan feasible land use mode in the process of land consolidation in study area: (1) Area with gradient of 0～3°is planned as farmland,so as to increase area of cultivated land.(2) Area with gradient of 3～6°is planned as orchard intercropping grain.(3) Area with gradient above 6°is planned as forests,so as to control soil and water loss and ensure agricultural development.Furthermore,the design of terrace should be paid more attention to according to local physical conditions,in order to control soil and water loss.