宇宙核素地学研究的应用现状与存在问题

Applications and Limitations of In-situ Cosmogenic Nuclides in Earth Sciences

宇宙核素技术已广泛应用于地学研究的诸多领域,用来直接获取地质、地貌体的暴露年龄或埋藏时代,揭示本地、小流域、大区域范围的地表过程演化特点和速率。简述其在冰川地貌、构造地貌、岩石风化、侵蚀与风化壳(土壤)形成、流域侵蚀与搬运过程、阶地、台地以及喀斯特地貌等方面的研究现状。同时,探讨来自其本身物理特性、样品所处地质、地貌条件及样品制备和测量等方面的尚存问题和不确定性。

<Abstrcat>Cosmogenic nuclide techniques have been used widely in various Earth science areas to measure surface exposure ages,burial events,and to reveal the style and rates of landscape evolution processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.The authors summarize current applications and research methods in several specific Earth science areas,including glacial chronology and geomorphology,tectonic geomorphology, site-specific weathering,erosion and regolith/soil production,watershed and sediment transported processes,alluvial,and fluvial and beach landforms.Uncertainties and limitations that derive from the physical properties of cosmogenic nuclides,geomorphic conditions of sampling places,and from sample preparation and measurement methods are also discussed.