新疆和田降尘的时空分布与影响因子

Space-time distribution and influencing factors of dustfall in Hotan, Xinjiang

通过野外调查、定位试验和室内分析,研究了新疆和田降尘量时空分布规律及扬沙、沙尘暴、大风和浮尘日数与降尘量之间的关系。结果表明,和田降尘量的年内分布极为不均。春夏两季的降尘量占全年总降尘量的93.14%,秋季较少,冬季最少;最大值在6月,最小值出现在12月。降尘量随高度的升高呈减少的趋势,在影响植物生长及人类活动密切相关的两个高度降尘量最大。浮尘日数是影响降尘量的重要因素,降尘量随浮尘日数的增多基本呈上升趋势,但大风、扬沙、沙尘暴天气对降尘量的多少也有着不可忽视的影响。

A further investigation on the mechanism of space-time distribution of dustfall is made, the relationship among raising sand, sand storm, strong wind and the days of airborne dirt and dustfall in Hotan is analyzed through field survey, local test and study. The results illustrate:(1)The distribution of the dustfall in a year is not symmetrical in Hotan. The quantity of the dustfall in spring and summer accounts for 93.14 percent of the total quantity, and it's less in autumn, then the least in winter. The maximum is in June; the minimum is in December. (2) The quantity of the dustfall takes on a decreasing trend along with the hoist of height. The maximum appears in two heights, which influence plant's growth and tie up human's activities. (3) The days of the airborne dirt is an important factor influencing the quantity of the dustfall. Along with the augment of the days of the airborne dirt, the quantity of the dustfall basically takes on an increasing trend. However, strong wind, raising sand and sand storm also have an unneglectable influence in dustfall.