自身免疫性甲状腺病的病因探讨

Case control study on etiological mechanism of autoimmune thyroid diseases

目的明确遗传、免疫和环境因素与自身免疫性甲状腺病(AITD)的相关关系。方法采用病例对照研究。详细采集已确诊的500例AITD患者的病史资料并填写问卷调查表,了解遗传、免疫、环境因素。以排除AITD的健康查体或咨询者206人作为对照组。调查结果应用SPSS统计软件进行分析处理。结果AITD家族史、吸烟、精神因素在病例组与对照组间有显著性差异(P<0.05);其他自身免疫性疾病家族史、甲状腺肿及甲状腺肿瘤家族史、感染史、化学毒物药物接触史、海产品摄入史、成年女性流产史及血型等在病例组与对照组之间无显著性差异。结论在AITD发病过程中,遗传因素发挥着重要作用;环境因素中吸烟和精神因素对疾病的发生也有明显的影响。

Objective To analyze the relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) and the genetic, immune and environmental factors. Methods A total of 500 patients with AITD and 206 healthy persons were included in this study. After carefully collecting the patient history and medical records, the inquiry forms were fulfilled to know about the genetic, immune and environmental factors. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical system. Results It was shown that family history of AITD, smoking and psychological factors were significantly different between AITD group and control(P<0.05). Other family histories such as other autoimmune diseases, goiter, thyroid neoplasm were not significantly different(P>0.05). Meanwhile, the difference of infection, contact with chemical poison, intake of sea food, miscarriage and blood type were also not significant between the patients and controls. Conclusion It is suggested that the heredity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AITD. Smoking and psychological factors also have evident influence.