罗兰·巴特:叙事结构的崇拜与反叛

Roland Barthes:Adoration and Rebellionin His Narration

罗兰·巴特是结构主义向后结构主义过渡的最关键人物。就其文学批评思想而言,在结构主义时期,叙事学论文《叙事作品结构分析导论》是其代表作,巴特企图根据语言模式描述文学语言,在不同的叙事方法中识别叙事的诸组成部分和它们的可能组合所遵循的共同结构。而在后结构主义时期,文学分析论著《S/Z》是其代表作,巴特希图解释文学意义如何依附于符码,并对读者在阅读活动中的积极参与进行了分析。

Roland Barthes was the most pivotal thinker from structuralism to post-structuralism.As far as his thought about literary criticism is concerned,this thesis on his Narratology Analytic Introduction to Structure of Narrative Works,the most representative in the development of structuralism,in which Barthes attempted to describe literary language according to linguistic mode,and identify narrative parts and common structures among different narrative methods.Within post-structuralism,his works on literary analysisof S/Z is the most typical model,in which Barthes tried to explain how literary meaning clung to symbols,and then he analyzed an active participation of readers in reading.