早期干预对早产儿智能发育的影响

EFFECTS OF EARLY INTERVENTION ON INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRETERM INFANTS

目的评价早期干预对早产儿智能发育的影响.方法 2000年6月-2003年5月108例胎龄30～36周早产儿被随机分为干预组58例,对照组50例.干预组由父母对早产儿给予包括运动、认知、语言、社会行为在内的长期、高频度的干预措施.对照组仅给予常规喂养,不予特殊干预.在小儿生后前半年每月来院体检1次,后半年每2个月来院体检1次.二组早产儿分别于3,6,9,12,18个月用CDCC婴幼儿智能发育量表测定智力发育指数(MDI)和精神运动发育指数(PDI).结果①生后6个月前干预组和对照组比较,无论是MDI还是PDI差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②9～18个月时干预组与对照组比较,无论是MDI还是PDI差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),干预组明显优于对照组.结论早期干预对早产儿智力发育具有促进作用,可改善早产儿预后.

Objective To evaluate effect of early intervention on intellectual development of preterm infants. Methods From Jane 2000 to May 2003, 108 preterm infants at gestational age of 30～36 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: early intervention group (58cases) and control group (50 cases). Parents were taught to carry out intervention program, which included motor, cognitive, speech development and social behavior. During the first six months, all infants were given medical examination every month, which include height, weight and head circumference. A half year later, the same examinations were carried out every two months. At age of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months, all infants in the two groups received infant development tests of Child Development Center of China (CDCC) scale. Mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) were measured respectively. Results There was no significant difference in biological factors, cultural and social factors between two groups. Intelligence tests at age of 3 and 6 months showed that intelligence in the early intervention group was higher than that in control group in MDI and PDI, but there was no significant difference between them(P>0.05). As for the results at 9, 12 and 18 month, which of the early intervention group were higher than that of the control group and significant difference can be found between them (P<0.05). Conclusion Early intervention can promote intellectual development of preterm infants and may be beneficial to prognosis of preterm infants.