新生儿肺血管神经支配的组织化学和免疫组织化学研究

Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Studies of the Innervation of the Pulmonary Vascular Bed of the Neonate Lung

采用免疫组化、诱发荧光和胆碱酯酶组化方法，对新生儿肺血管的神经支配进行了系统观察，自肺门处较大的肺动脉、支气管动脉直至直径３５μｍ的微动脉壁均可见有神经分布。肾上腺素能神经布于动脉的外膜及中膜；胆碱能神经、血管活性肠肽（ＶＩＰ）能神经见于动脉外膜与中膜交界处。３种神经仅见于静脉的外膜层。直径＜１ｍｍ的小静脉未见任何神经分布。在相同部位的血管壁上，肾上腺素能神经的密度高于胆碱能及ＶＩＰ能神经。在较大的肺血管周围可见粗细不等的神经束、神经丛及ＡＣｈＥ阳性小神经节。在肺内支气管树粘膜下层的小血管和腺体周围亦可见小的神经丛及单个的ＡＣｈＥ阳性神经元。但未发现有肾上腺素能和ＶＩＰ能神经节或神经细胞。

The neurral elements were visualized by catecholamine fluorescence, cholinesterase histochemistry and immunohistochemical methods. The adrenergic nerves were located in the adventitia and media of the artery walls and the adventitia of the vein walls. The cholinergic and VIP ergic nerves were located in the adventitia or the adventitia-media border of artery walls and the adventitia of vein walls. Some AChE-positive small ganglia were observed. No adrenergic or VIPergic ganglia or neurons were visualized in all preparations observed.