萌发大豆种子中子叶细胞内质体发育与解体的变化

THE CHANGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND EISSOLUTION OF THE PLASTIDS IN COTYLEDONARY CELLS OF GLYCINE MAX L DURING SEED GERMINATION

本文分别报道了大豆（ＧｌｙｃｉｎｅｍａｘＬ．）种子在光下和在暗处萌发过程中子对细胞内质体的发育及解体过程。电镜观察的结果表明，大豆种子在吸水膨胀期间，子叶细胞内只有较少的、近球形的（数量为１一３个、直径为３一４微米）原质体，其内有２—６个淀粉粒。随着吸水膨胀时间的加长，子叶细胞内质体数量、体积、淀粉粒都有所增加（数量为５—１０个、直径为５—６微来、淀粉粒为８－１２个）。播种后在光下发育４—８天期间，子叶细胞原质体内出现５—１０个散在于基质中的片层结构；播种１２天时，１０—２０个片层结构垛叠在一起构成基粒，其数量为２—８个。此时原质体发育成为叶绿体。１３－１９天后，子叶日起黄化枯萎，叶绿体内片层结构多处膨胀，被膜解体，基质中出现５—１０个脂质球。大豆种子在暗处发育时，子叶细胞的原质体内首先形成伸展的、数量为１５—２０个片层结构。随着发育，片尽结构增多，这些片层结构并合形成原片层体，以后逐渐收缩成紧密的晶格。随着子叶的衰败，原片层体解体。

The development and devolution of the plastids in cotyledonary cells of Glycine max L.during seed sermination uhder sun shine and under darkness were reported.Electron microscopicstudies reveals that in 4-8 days after plantation under sunthine,the grana lamellae appeared inthe proplastids of cotyledonary cells. On the 12th day the lamellae overlapped sevenal grana proplastids developed into chloroplasts,13-19 days after planting the cotyledous became yellow andwilting gradually.Some parts of lamellae in chloroplasts swelled and parts of chloroplast envelopedisintegrated.When the seeds developed under the forkness the lamellae were formed in the proplastids of cotyledons in some areas.During developing these lamellae forming lossely organized prolamellar bodies which condensed into paracrystalline lattics.As cotyledons dissoluted proplas proplastids would be dead soon.