分离型二级脉管制冷机的实验研究 第一部分 20～40K温区单级大功率脉管制冷机

Experimental study of a separate two-stage pulse tube cooler Part I. Single-stage pulse tube cooler working between 20~40 K with high cooling power

为了满足液氦温区分离型二级脉管制冷机第二级预冷的需要,设计制作了1台20～40K温区单级大功率脉管制冷机。采用额定功率为6kW的压缩机驱动该制冷机,最低制冷温度达13.8K,刷新了单级脉管制冷机最低制冷温度纪录。该制冷机在40K可获得高达55.9W的制冷量,基本可以满足15～40K温区超导磁体等冷却的需要。着重分析了频率、充气压力和不同压缩机对系统制冷性能的影响,测试了长时间运行中系统性能的变化情况。

A single-stage and high power pulse tube cooler working between 20~40 K has been designed and constructed in order to precool the second stage of a 4 K separate two-stage pulse tube cooler. With a input power of 6 kW,the lowest no-load temperature of 13.8 K has been obtained,which is a new record for the single-stage pulse tube cooler. Cooling power of 55.9 W at 40 K was obtained,which can satisfy the precooling needs of superconducting magnet working between 15~40 K.The influence of frequency, filling pressure and different compressors on the performance of the pulse tube cooler have been analyzed and a long-term operating test has been performed to test the stability of the system. Experimental results of a separate two-stage pulse tube cooler which is precooled by this pulse tube cooler will be presented in the following paper.