水稻稻穗灌浆生长的基因效应全程分析

The Analyses of All-Course Gene Effect for the Panicle-filling Growth of Rice

本文以稻穗灌浆生长为实例提供一种基因效应全程分析方法。首先应用缩张算法对不同类型的水稻材料及其杂种后代的稻穗灌浆生长进行Richards方程[W=A/(1+be-kt)m]拟合,获得每天稻穗灌浆干物质重稳健可靠的估计值。然后以AD遗传模型对各时间点的估值进行遗传分析,阐明稻穗灌浆生长从抽穗到稻穗成熟每天的遗传效应及其动态变化。结果表明,水稻开花后的2～7d加性效应方差达到0.05显著水平。显性效应方差在稻穗生长的整个过程中均达到0.01的显著水平,稻穗灌浆干物质累积的遗传控制主要受显性基因效应的作用。约在水稻开花后12d至29d显性基因表达最为活跃,因此这一时期显性基因的表达程度及其效应的大小决定了水稻品种或组合的稻穗灌浆能力。

An analytical method for all-course gene effect is proposed with the help of the example of the panicle-filling growth of rice. The Richards equation [W=A/(1+be^(-kt))~m] was used to describe the panicle-filling growth processes for the parents and their F_1s of rice, and the parameters of the Richards equation were estimated by Contraction-Expansion (Algorithm). Richards model had extremely high goodness of fit for the growth analyses of the panicle-filling of rice, and it could get the reliable estimates for the dry assimilation-product accumulation of panicle at any time after heading. The (genetic analyses) with the statistical method of the mixed linear model and additive-dominant genetic model (AD model) indicated that the additive variance for the panicle filling of rice just was significant at α=0.05 level from the second day to the 7th day after heading. The dominant variance in the all-course of the panicle filling of rice all reached the significance at α=0.01 level. It demonstrated that dominant effects of gene played a main role in the whole course of the panicle filling of rice. The dominant genes expressed most actively from 12 to 29 days after heading. Therefore, the panicle-filling ability of each cross is mainly decided by the expressing extent and the effect degree of the dominant genes in the stage.