大白菜及种内杂种小白菜×大白菜、芜菁×大白菜的晚抽薹遗传效应研究

The Inheritance of Late Bolting in Cross of Chinese Cabbage × Chinese Cabbage and the Intraspecific Crosses of Paktroi× Chinese Cabbage and Turnip × Chinese Cabbage

为进一步将小白菜、芜菁的优良晚抽薹特性转育到大白菜材料中,同时为转育遗传提供理论依据,有必要对大白菜、小白菜、芜菁间的晚抽薹遗传效应进行研究。以4组晚抽薹与易抽薹的材料的对应亲本(YH和BY;FMS和BY;WS和BY;MM和BY)及其杂交、回交世代(F1,F2,B1,B2)为试材分别进行遗传模型分析及遗传参数估算,结果表明:大白菜(YH)、小白菜(FMS和WS)、芜菁(MM)的晚抽薹性遗传均符合加性-显性-上位性模型,加性效应为主,兼有显性效应和上位性效应,早抽薹呈显性,其中WS的晚抽薹显性效应值不显著。广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均较高。因此,采用常规杂交育种方法可望在晚抽薹育种方面取得良好的效果。要育成一个晚抽性强的杂交品种必须双亲同时具备晚抽性才能成功。

The inheritance of late bolting in Chinese cabbage, paktroi and turnip were analyzed in this paper to enhance subsequently transferring late bolting into Chinese cabbage from paktroi or turnip. Five typical lines of Brassica campestris were used to study inheritance of late bolting. Four lines were late bolting Chinese cabbage(B. campestris L. ssp. pekinensis)YH, Paktroi(B. campestris L. ssp.chinensis) FMS and WS, turnip(B. campestris L. ssp. rapifera)MM, the other one was early bolting, Chinese cabbage BY. Four groups of six generations(P_1,P_2,F_1,F_2,B_1,B_2) of an Chinese cabbage cross YH×BY and three intraspecific crosses FMS×BY,BY×WS, MM×BY were analyzed to characterize inheritance of late bolting. The similar results indicated that the inheritance of late bolting agreed with the additive,dominant and epistatic model,and the additive component was predominant with dominant and epistatic ones, Early bolting is dominant; but the dominant component of WS was not prominent. Both broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability were relatively high. To breed late bolting Chinese cabbages, both parent lines should be late bolting.