大鼠、金黄地鼠和家兔视网膜内一氧化氮合酶分布的比较

DISTRIBUTION OF NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE IN THE RETINA OF THE RAT, HAMSTER AND RABBIT

用ＮＡＤＰＨ黄递酶组织化学染色法（ＮＤＰ）观察了正常成年大鼠、金黄地鼠和家兔视网膜内一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）的分布，并比较了３种不同动物的区别。结果显示，在视网膜内ＮＯＳ阳性神经元主要为分布于内核层的无长突细胞、节细胞层的移位无长突细胞和少数节细胞。不同种类动物的视网膜内，ＮＯＳ阳性细胞的配布、密度和细胞形态均有差异。大鼠视网膜内ＮＯＳ阳性细胞多属于内核层无长突细胞和节细胞层移位无长突细胞，偶见于视网膜节细胞。金黄地鼠视网膜内ＮＯＳ阳性细胞分布于内核层无长突细胞和节细胞层的移位无长突细胞，ＮＯＳ阳性节细胞的数目比大鼠多。家兔视网膜内ＮＯＳ阳性细胞仅见于内核层无长实细胞。金黄地鼠视网膜ＮＯＳ阳性细胞分市密度最大，平均为１４１．４２个细胞／ｍｍ２；大鼠和家兔视网膜ＮＯＳ阳性细胞分布密度相似，分别平均为３５．９８个细胞／ｍｍ２和４１．５４个细胞／ｍｍ２。实验结果提示，一氧化氮可能作为一种重要的神经递质参与视觉信息的形成、整合和传递。

The distribution of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)in the retina of adult male rat,hamster and rabbit has been studied by using NADPH-diaphorase histochemical staining method(NDP).The results from the different kinds of animals were compared in the present study and show that most NOS positive neurons were amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer,while a small number NOS positive neurons belong to ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layet.The distribution,density of the NOS positive cells do not coincide in the retina of different kinds of animals,In the rat most NOS positive amacrine cells located in the inner nuclear layer.Only few NOS positive displaced amacrine cells and few ganglion cells were detected in the ganglion cell layer,In the hamster retina the NOS positive amacrine cells were showed in both inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer,The number of NOS positive ganglion cells in the hamster is more than in the rat.However,in the rabbit NOS positive amacrine cells were only seen in the inner nuclear layer,It was indicated that the density of NOS positive neurons in the rat is similar to the rabbit(mean density of NOS positive neurons in the rat is 35. 98 cells/mm2 and rabbit is 41. 54 cells/mm2,respectively ).The highest density of NOS positive neurons was detected in the hamster retina(mean density of NOS positive neurons is 141.42 cells/mm2). We suggest that NOS might be as a new class of neurotransmitter and be involved in the formation,regulation and transmission of the visual information.