高强度钢高速加工时切削力尺度效应特征规律研究

On the Scale Effect of Cutting Force in High-Strength-Steel′s High Speed Milling Process

在切削速度118m/min～463m/min,每齿进给量0.078mm/z～0.2mm/z,切削深度0.2mm～1mm范围内,研究高速端面铣削某新型高强度钢材料(>42HRc、抗拉强度σb>1.2GPa)过程中切削力的变化规律,考察切削用量对铣削力的交互影响与尺度效应规律,并从切削变形机理上进行讨论与分析,使用残差分析与最小二乘法等统计方法,建立切削力与切削用量经验公式。研究结果表明:高速铣削时,切削深度、每齿进给量和两者之间的交互作用为对主切削力有显著影响的效应因素;该类型高强度钢的单位铣削力为45调质钢的1.0729倍～1.7917倍;非自由切削过程在高速切削条件下将会引发切削力的尺度效应。

For cutting velocity from 118 m/min to 463 m/min, feed per tooth from 0.078 mm/z to 0.2 mm/z and depth of cut from 0.2 mm to 1 mm, the characteristics of cutting forces in high speed dry machining of high strength steel(>42 HRc,σ b>1.2 GPa) were studied, the scale effect of cutting forces and the influences of cutting parameters on milling force were observed. In addition, the high speed cutting deformation mechanism was also discussed. The empirical formula of cutting force was established by statistic analysis tools as residual analysis and least square algorithm. It was concluded that depth of cut, feed per tooth and the interaction effect of both of them were the main influence factors; the unit cutting forces during high speed milling of this high strength steel were 1.0729～1.7917 times of that measured on quenched and tempered 45 median carbon steel; non-free cutting could introduce the scale effect of cutting forces in high speed milling process.