解磷青霉菌的筛选及其对农作物和牧草的增产作用(英文)

Selecting and evaluating P-solubilising Penicillium inoculants for increased growth of crops and pastures

青霉菌是大多数土壤微生物群体中的成员。许多青霉菌具有生物防治功能、分解土壤矿物功能(包括解磷作用)以及能够分泌植物生长刺激物质。研究利用这些真菌来增加作物产量由此受到注意。本文介绍从土壤中分离、鉴定青霉菌、青霉菌的解磷作用以及对植物生长的刺激作用的研究方法以及策略。从澳大利亚的14种不同的农业土壤中分离并鉴定了解磷的青霉菌。某些菌株具有商业化价值,特别适合在碱性土壤中使用。这些菌株包括一个Penicilliumbilaiae以及尚未鉴定的青霉菌种类。

Penicillium fungi are an integral component of the microbial community of most soils. Various strains are known to have biocontrol activity, solubilise soil minerals (including phosphates), and secrete plant-stimulatory compounds. The exploitation of these fungi to increase crop production is rapidly gaining attention. This paper describes our approach and rationale for isolating Penicillium from soil, their identification, and testing for phosphate solubilisation and plant growth promoting activities.Using this approach we have recovered and identified strains of phosphate solubilising Penicillium from 14 different agricultural soils from Australia. Several isolates have promising commercial potential, particularly for use on alkaline soils. These include a strain of Penicilliumbilaiae and also strains of previously undescribed Penicillium species.