转型中的中国高等教育质量危机与治理对策

The Crisis in the Transformation of Chinese Higher Education and the Countermeasures

中国高等教育在走向大众化过程中正在遭遇质量难题。从根源上说,质量问题的出现主要来自两方面的原因,一是人们预先对大众高等教育制度缺乏一个科学的规划;二是人们传统的高等教育观念根深蒂固。而且大众化的不期而至,使质量问题变得更为复杂一些。随着毕业生急增致使就业压力不断加剧,并迫使扩招延伸至研究生层次,从而质量问题也随之延伸,其危险是显而易见的。而解决这一难题的出路就是要建设现代大学制度,实行选修制基础上的学分制是一个切入点,实现大学举办与评估分开则是一个重要的突破点。

China's higher education is being confronted with the problem of quality. The problem may arise from two main factors: one is that we have no previous scientific plan for the mass higher education system; the other is that the traditional ideas of higher education impact people deeply. It is more difficult when the massification comes into reality. Surely, the increasing pressure of employment pushes the expansion of higher education go up to the tier of graduate education, this bring us a new quality crisis. How to solve the problem? The answer is to set up the modern university system. One access is to adopt the system of elective course, which the credit system is based on, and another important point is to divide the sponsor and evaluator of the university.