慢性乙型肝炎病人生活质量及影响因素分析

Study on quality of life and influence factors in chronic hepatitis B

目的分析慢性乙型肝炎病人生活质量的主要影响因素,为增进慢性乙型肝炎病人生活质量提供参考依据。方法用SF-36量表评价441名慢性乙型肝炎病人的生活质量,同时调查可能影响生活质量的社会经济、文化因素,以及被调查对象的个人特征和患病情况。用t检验、方差分析和逐步回归对每一种影响因素分别分析,找出主要影响因素。结果单因素分析时,性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、是否在岗、婚姻状况、经济收入、医疗费用负担形式、医疗花费、家庭住房面积、疾病的炎症程度、病程、住院次数、病情进展情况、是否共患其他疾病等15种因素与生活质量的各领域或大多数领域均有关系。进一步多因素分析,在排除了各因素之间的相互影响后,对生活质量的主要影响因素是文化程度、医疗费用、职业、病情进展情况、病程、婚姻状况。结论对疾病本身的积极治疗,遏制过高的医疗费用,建立有效的社会医疗保障体系,改善医疗水平,提高人民的文化教育水平,倡导和谐稳定的婚姻观念,是提高慢性乙型肝炎病人生活质量的关键。

Objective To investigate main influencing risk factors,and to provide evidence to improve the quality of life in chronic hepatitis B.Methods Life quality of 441 patients with chronic hepatitis B was evaluated by Short Form 36(SF-36),and some potential risk factors were questioned as social economy, cultural, personal characteristics and disease condition. Each factors was analysised respectively to find out main by using method of Student-t test, variance analysis and stepwise multivariate regression.Results One-way variance analysis results showed that 15?factors were related with all or most domains of the SF-36 as gender,age,education,occupation,unemployee, marital status, income, medical insurance, medical expenses, housing area, inflammation extent, disease course, hospitalizing time, the improvement of disease condition and coexisting other illness. When the effect of interaction among factors was excluded, the result of multivariate regression analysis showed that education, medical expenses, occupation, the improvement of disease condition, disease course, as well as marital status remained to be the main influencing factors.Conclusion The critical measures to improve the life quality of chronic hepatitis B should include aspects as follows: active treatment, medical expenditure containment, efficient medical insurance system, medical level improvement, education development and promotion of harmonious and stable marital idea.