解决国际条约与国内法冲突问题的新思考——以《宪法》和《缔结条约程序法》为依据

Thinking on Conflict Settlement of International Treaty and National Law——Based on Constitution and Law of Procedure of the Conclusion of Treaties

国际条约与国内法冲突可能会有三种情形:第一种是法律地位较高的国际条约与法律地位较低的国内法相冲突,我们适用上位法优于下位法的原则予以解决;第二种是法律地位相同的国际条约与国内法相冲突,我们适用有条件的条约优先原则、解释一致原则、修改国内法和修改国际条约这4种方法予以解决;第三种是法律地位较低的国际条约与法律地位较高的国内法相冲突,但是《中华人民共和国缔结条约程序法》第7条的规定排除了这种冲突出现的可能性。

Three situations may be found in the conflict between the international treaty and the national law.First,the international treaty with higher legal status is in conflict with the national law with lower legal (status,)in order to settle this conflict the principle that the higher level law is superior to the lower level law can be used.Second,the conflict between the international treaties and the national law with equal legal status,for this,four solutions can be adopted:the doctrine of priority for the conditional treaties,the interpretation rule of unanimity and the revision of the national law or the international treaty.Third, the international treaty with lower legal status is in conflict with the national law with higher legal status.But the possibility of the third situation has been excluded in the stipulation No.7 of Law of People's Republic of China on the Procedure of the Conclusion of Treaties.