对加快发展我国天然气供气调峰设施的思考

Thoughts on Accelerating the Development of the Natural Gas Supply Peak-adjustment Facilities in China

我国天然气工业处于快速发展阶段,天然气供气调峰问题也日益凸显。为了保证供气的经济、安全、可靠,我国应因地制宜地发展各种调峰设施。在储气库建设上,不应局限于枯竭油气藏构造,对盐穴库、含水层、废弃矿坑、人造洞穴等形式都应进行积极考虑。同时,应适度发展LNG调峰设施。在供气调峰方式的选择上,季调峰主要依靠地下储气库,必要时用LNG终端做补充;对于城市月高峰用气,应大力采用LNG调峰设施、洞穴调峰设施等快采快注且外输量相对较大的方式;对于小时调峰,应主要依靠季节调峰和日调峰的设施及管道末端储气、城市高压管网等共同完成。总之,建议大力发展地下储气库,使其成为陆上管道天然气调峰的首要方式;充分发挥LNG的调峰优势,适度发展LNG调峰设施;积极利用经济杠杆,采用不同定价机制,大力发展可中断用户,以经济合理的方式确保管网系统供气平衡与供气安全。

The Chinese natural gas sector is at a stage of robust expansion, which brings with it the problem of peak adjustment in the supply of natural gas. To guarantee the economical, safe and stable supply of natural gas, China needs to develop peak adjustment facilities which account for local requirements. When it comes to the storage tank construction, much attention needs to be paid to geological, as well as man-made problems, aside from the depletable oil gas reservoir structure. Meanwhile, the LNG peak- adjustment facilities need to be developed. The seasonal peak adjustment depends primarily upon the underground gas reserve and the LNG terminal. Options such as LNG and cave peak adjustment facilities shall be adopted for the monthly peak adjustment in urban areas. For the hourly regulation of peak demand, the facilities for seasonal and daily peak adjustment, the pipeline terminal gas reserve and the urban high-pressure pipeline network need to be adjusted as one large unit. It is advisable to devote significant effort to the development of the underground gas storage tanks and make them the leading option for the pipeline gas peak adjustment. Efforts shall also be made to develop the 32 T LNG peak adjustment facilities to exploit its advantages. Identify users who could stop using gas during the peak time, by employing economic leverage and adopting different pricing mechanisms to guarantee the balance and safety in gas supply throughout the entire gas pipeline system.