中国岩石层物理的地震学研究

THE SEISMIC STUDY OF LITHOSPHERIC PHYSICS IN CHINA

本文系统阐述了中国在岩石层物理和动力学研究中的主要成就．在详细论述地壳、上地幔结构的地震学研究基础上，着重论述了造山带、沉积盆地、裂谷、地震活动、陆缘和岩石层特异构造背景地区的构造格局及其深层过程．地震折射波法和宽角反射波法的联合应用，近年来发展的垂直反射波法的探测，地震层析成像技术，地震面波的三维速度结构，物理模拟和数字模拟技术与波形反演、联合反演的应用，深化了对岩石层本体的认识．不但对中国大陆的壳幔结构有了全面了解，而且对壳、幔低速层、高速夹层，壳－幔混合物，断裂产状和莫霍界面结构与性质的研究，取得了重大进展．地震波在纵向各向同性、横向各向异性介质中的传播，地震波在二维与三维各向异性介质中的波动理论和检测方法与技术，地球物理反演理论与方法和实验研究等的全面发展和创新，将会使岩石层物理与动力学的研究步入一个新的境地．本文最后提出了在该领域中的发展前景和今后的任务．

This paper systematically expound the main achievement of the lithosperic physics and dynamics study in China.According to the seismic study of the crust,upper mantle sturcture,we emphatically discuss the orogenic belts sedimentary basin,rift seismic activities,continental margin tectonic patterns of the zones with special lithospheric structure background and their deep internal processes.The combined application of seismic refraction and wide angle reflection methods,prospection of vertical seismic reflection method developed in recent years,seismic tomography technology,3-D velocity structure of seismic surface wave,physical modeling and unmerical modeling technology,the application of wave form inversion and joint inversion have deepened the recognition of the lithosphere.We have not only got all-side recognition of the crust-mantle structure in China continent,but also got many achievement on the low velocity layer and high velocity imbedded layer in the crust and the mantle,crust-mantle mixtrue,the occurrence of faults and the structure and character of Mohorovicic discontinuity.The seismic wave propgation in vertical isotropic media and transverse anisotropic media,the wave theory,the test method and technology of seismic wave in 2-D and 3-D anisotropic media,the development and new trails of geophysical inversion theory,method and experimental study will put the lithospheric physics and dynamics study into a new condition.This paper present the prospect of the field and the task in the furture,