西南干热河谷地区葡萄休眠规律的研究

Bud Dormancy of Grapevines in Dry and Hot River-valley Regions of Southwest China

在西南干热河谷地区南亚热带气候条件下,4个酿酒葡萄品种梅尔诺 Merlot 、黑虎香 Fox 、霞多丽Chardonnay 和佳美 Gamay 分别在10月初、10月中旬、11月初和11月中旬进入生理性内休眠;约在12月初、12月中旬、1月初和12月中旬进入生态休眠阶段 萌芽率>5 0 % .休眠期葡萄新梢淀粉和总糖含量的变化趋势为:随着休眠程度的加深,淀粉含量上升,总糖含量下降;随着内休眠解除,总糖上升,淀粉下降,二者呈相反的变化趋势.研究结果为在该地区打破葡萄休眠,实现葡萄避雨栽培提供了理论基础.

Under climatic conditions dry and hot river-valley regions of southwest China,which are typical of the south subtropical climate,four grapevine varieties,Merlot,Fox,Chardonnay and Gamay,began their physiological dormancy in early October,middle October,early November and middle November,respectively;they began their ecological dormancy(bud breaking rate>50%) approximately in early December,middle December,early January in the follwing year,and middle December,respectively.During grapevine dormancy,the starch content and total sugar of the young shoots tended to change in the following manner.With deepened grapevine dormancy,the starch content increased while the total sugar decreased;with broken dormancy,the total sugar increased while the starch content decreased;And thus the two showed opposite tendencies.The results provided the theoretical basis for breaking grapevine dormancy and then making rain-avoiding grapevine production.