樱桃不同节位叶片光合特性与解剖特征比较研究

Studies on the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves at different node positions and their comparative anatomy of sweet cherry

以3个甜樱桃栽培品种佐藤锦、斯坦勒和那翁为试材,研究了新梢不同节位叶片光合速率(Pn)变化及叶绿素(Chl.)和比叶重(SLW)对其的影响。分析了不同品种叶片解剖结构与Pn的关系。结果表明:樱桃枝条不同叶位叶片的Pn呈单峰曲线变化,枝条中上部的叶片Pn较大,且有较高的稳定性,叶片发育和生理成熟度以及环境因素的影响是Pn出现单峰变化的重要因素;Chl.含量随着叶片的发育而增加,叶片成熟后,叶片Chl.含量与Pn之间不存在相关关系;不同叶位叶片SLW与Pn表现显著正相关;樱桃不同品种间叶片气孔密度、栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值与Pn存在极显著正相关。

The photosynthetic characteristics of leaves at different node positions and their anatomic characteristics were studied in three cherry cultivars. The results showed that the variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn)at different leaf nodes was a single-peak curve on new shoots,Pn of leaves at the middle and upper nodes were higher than that of leaves at lower nodes. The environmental factors and the developmental level of leaves caused the variation. Chlorophyll(Chl.)concentration affected Pn obviously in young leaves, but in mature leaves, there was no interrelation between Pn and Chl. The specific leaf weight(SLW)had significant effect on Pn. The anatomic characteristics of the three sweet cherry cultivars, such as stomatal density, thickness of palisade tissue and spongy tissue, were all positive at 0.01 significance level to their Pn.