鲜枣贮藏期病害研究进展

Advances in research on fruit diseases of Chinese jujube during storage

对鲜枣采后贮藏期间发生的生理性病害和侵染性病害进行了概述。贮藏期易发生的生理性病害主要包括枣果的酒化、褐变和低温伤害;病原菌在田间的潜伏侵染和采后的伤口侵染是引起枣果贮藏病害的主要原因,其病原菌的种类既有真菌也有细菌。枣果病原菌潜伏侵染的病理机制是今后侵染性病害的研究热点。减少枣果的采后病害可以通过田间综合防治、采收及采后处理过程中避免机械损伤和入库前的消毒处理等措施来解决。生物防治是控制枣果采后病害的研究新方向。

The physiological disorder and infectious diseases of jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) during storage are summarized in this paper. The physiological disorders include alcoholic fermentation, browning and cold injury. Preharvest infection and wound infection of pathogenic microorganism are the major factors to induce jujube fruit rot during storage. The sorts of pathogenic microorganism include bacterium and fungi. The pathological mechanisms of latent infectious diseases are the main problems for studying in the future. The fruit diseases can be controlled by some basic ways such as preharvest integrated pathogen management, avoiding physical injury during harvest and handling, disinfecting treatment before storage. Biological control is a promising approach to reduce the storage diseases of jujube fruit.