睡虎地秦简与先秦数学

Shuihudi Bamboo Slips of the Qin Period and Mathematics in the Pre-Qin Period

湖北云梦睡虎地11号秦墓出土竹简中保存的秦律对研究我国先秦数学史具有十分重要的价值。律文内容反映出许多先秦数学的重要信息,对照《九章算术》、《算数书》及其他相关文献进行研究,可认为秦律建立在高度发达的数学基础之上,《九章算术》所记录的主要数学方法在先秦时期已经出现。

The Qin laws kept on the bamboo slips unearthed from the No.11 Qin tomb at Yun- meng Shuihudi of Yunmeng County in Hubei Province,have very great value to studying the history of mathematics in pre-Qin China.A good many law texts record the severe requirements of the Qin State in the administration concerning accounting and statistics,and involve the conversion rates between various types of grain and the proportional allotment of grain,as well as the works concerning a number of mathematical methods,such as the Shanggong(商功 estimation of works)and junshu(均输 rational apportionment of taxes and corvee).Thus they contain important information on pre-Oin mathematics. Comparative studies of these data with the Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures,Writings on Reckoning and other related documents lead to the conclusions:The Qin laws were based upon the foundation of highly developed mathematics.A great majority of mathematical methods of the Nine Chapters of Mathematical Procedures were acquired before the Qin Dynasty.Certain relation between Legalists and mathematics was established in the Pre-Qin period.