对财富最大化的规范性分析

The Normative Analysis of Maximization Theory

法律的经济分析是波斯纳最常用的方法。为了给这种方法奠定一个坚实的基础,同时为了避免人们把法律的经济分析和功利主义联系在一起,波斯纳提出了“财富最大化”理论作为其法律的经济分析的规范基础。他竭力论证财富最大化是一种和功利主义不同的、更好的规范理论。本文通过对波斯纳论述的分析认为,尽管财富最大化和功利主义有一些不同,但没有足够的理由认为财富最大化是一种比功利主义更好的规范理论。

The economic analysis of law is Judge Posners favorite method. In order to give the method a stabile foundation and to avoid people connecting economic analysis of law to utilitarianism, Posner put forward wealth maximization theory as normative foundation of the method. Posners purpose is to elucidate wealth maximizations superiority over utilitarianism. This article argues that there is not enough reason to conclude wealth maximization is a superior ethical to utilitarianism, though there is some difference between them.