西方哲学中哲学与科学之关系

Commenting on the Relationship of Philosophy and Science of Western Philosophy

哲学与科学的关系是西方哲学中一个非常重要的论题。文章通过对古代直到近代关于这一问题的梳理指出:传统哲学发展到康德、黑格尔时代,虽然放弃了哲学就是各种科学知识的总体的看法,但并没有放弃哲学是科学的科学这一根本观念。随着近现代科学地不断发展,哲学与科学分化的完成,哲学不可避免地又陷入了科学危机之中。如何将哲学从危机中拯救出来是现当代哲学不可回避的问题,文章以胡塞尔和维特根斯坦为例介绍和评价了现代西方哲学家为拯救哲学危机所作的种种努力,认为放弃对哲学科学性的追求才是哲学的出路所在。

The relationship of philosophy and science is one of very important problems in western philosophical history. Through the analysis of the problem from ancient to modern, the article points out that with the development of tradition philosophy, at the times of Kant and Hegel, the view that philosophy is all kinds of scientific knowledge as a whole has been given up, but the idea that philosophy is science has not been abandoned. With the further development of modern science and the completement of dividing between philosophy and science, philosophy inevitably gets into again the crisis of science. How philosophy can be retrieved from the crisis? It is a problem that modern philosophers must confront. The article introduces and comments on different endeavors of retrieval philosophy that present-day philosophers have done, mainly about that of Husserl and Wittgenstein. Author thinks that the right way of philosophy is that it must give up the way of scientific pursuit.