司马迁的通变观与五德终始说

Si Ma-qian's Tongbian Thought and the Theory of Wude Consistency

司马迁的通变观是在五德终始说的影响下形成的。在表述过程中,司马迁以“原始察终,见盛观衰”以及“承弊易变”传达了“通古今之变”的历史哲学思想。受五德终始说的影响,司马迁将历史考察放到了终始循环方面。在邹衍“先验小物,推而大之”先验思想的影响下,司马迁以“先验小物”支撑天人感应,把自然之变扩充为主观上的类推逻辑的先验论,从而使其通变观与五德终始说发生了密切的联系。

The formation of Si Ma-qian's Tongbian (understanding and changing) thought was influenced by the theory of Wude (five virtues) Consistency. In formulating his theory, Si Ma-qian conveyed his historical philosophy thought, namely 'understanding the histories of all the time'. Meanwhile, under the influence of Wude Consistency Theory, Si Ma-qian regarded the historical observation as one aspect of consistency circle. Si Ma-qian applied Zhou Yan's Thought that small things should be a priori to the theory of natural transitions accordingly a closer relation between his Tongbian thought and Wude Consistency Theory took shape.