千年诗魂两悠悠——郁达夫与李商隐诗性人生比较

The Poetic Spirits in Thousand Years——A Contrast between Yu Dafu’s Poems and Life and Those of Li Shangyin’s

这里以郁达夫与李商隐为个案,考察“五四”作家的旧诗创作对古代作家的承继关系,以探究异代诗人的诗性人生。一从诗艺的比较揭示千年一脉的悲剧精神。二人诗作的设色、结构、造境都呈现感伤的美学特质,不同在于郁诗以旷放排遣感伤,李诗以执着郁结感伤。二从政治态度的比较揭示文人命运无法摆脱政治的影响。二人都有政治热情,不同在于李希望跻身政治而不被接受;郁自疏于政治,却因国族危亡不得不与之产生瓜葛。三从性苦闷宣泄方式的比较揭示人格结构的多面性。李宣泄在诗歌中,突破诗庄词艳的分工;郁宣泄在小说中,身为“五四”先锋却恪守温柔敦厚的诗教。

This article, in the case of Yu Dafu and Li Shangyin, surveys the interrelationship between the writers who wrote poems in the old form in the May 4th period and the poets in ancient China to explore the poetic life of poets in different times. First of all, this article shows the tragedy passed from thousand years ago to the present time from the comparison of style of the poets. Their poems both show the aesthetic character of melancholy in color, structure, and setting. But the differences lie in that the poem of Yu is to release his bitter feeling while the poem of Li is to gather in bitter. Second, from the comparison of their attitudes to politics, the article tries to show that the poets can never get rid of the influence of politics. Both of them have the enthusiasm toward politics. Li wanted to be involved in politics but not to be accepted. However, Yu wanted to be away from politics, but for the fate of the nation, he had to take part in it. Third, from comparison of their ways of releasing the sexual depression, the essay shows the multi-aspects of characteristics. Li expressed it in the poems without using the traditional methods, while Yu, as a pioneer in his period, stuck to the doctrine of the old poem.