中国戏剧会话分析与对外汉语教学——从话轮转换角度解读《雷雨》的人物关系

The Character Relationships in Thunderstorm: An Interpretation from the Conversational Analysis Perspective

戏剧会话学习和欣赏对语言学习者学习目的语文化的作用毋庸质疑,这就是为何包括<雷雨>在内的戏剧片段频频被选进各类对外汉语教学课本的原因.源于西方的会话分析理论有助于解读戏剧中的会话意义和人物关系.本文用定量描述与定性分析相结合的方法,从话轮转换模式入手,对<雷雨>第一幕中周朴园强令周蘩漪吃药这一片段进行文本分析,旨在找出戏剧人物之间控制和均衡、同感和间离的复杂关系的语言学依据,并运用社会语言学和语用学理论对人物关系做出解释,这有助于非汉语学习者对汉语会话机制和汉语言语行为的认识,加深他们对中国戏剧的文学意义的理解.

Drama is quite helpful for language learners to acquire speaking competence and target-language culture. The relationships between dramatic characters can be revealed within the framework of conversational analysis that originated from the West. One selection from the Act One of the play is examined in terms of the turn-taking patterns, and the complicated relationships are revealed in the light of dominance and balance as well as sympathy and alienation. Some concepts of sociolinguistics and pragmatics are also involved in interpreting the relationships. This is significant for foreigners to achieve a better understanding of Chinese conversational structure and speech act, and the literary meaning of Chinese dramas as well.