地下水市场的发育及影响因素——北方地区的实证研究

Development and Determinants of Groundwater Markets:Case Study in North China

南亚一些国家的经验表明,地下水市场可能会成为管理地下水资源的有效途径。文章的研究目的是探讨我国北方地区地下水市场发育的现状、特点及影响因素。研究表明,我国北方地区的地下水市场已经有相当程度的发育,而且具有和南亚国家相类似的无约束性、地域性和分散性等特点。影响地下水市场发育的主要因素有机井产权制度、水资源和耕地资源的短缺程度等。预计未来地下水市场还将不断发展,然而它对农业生产、农民生活和地下水资源的开发利用,及对环境等方面的影响还有待进一步研究。

The experience in some South Asian countries has shown that groundwater markets could be an effective instrument in managing groundwater resources. The objectives of this paper are to have better understanding of the groundwater market development and the underlined factors in North China. Our results show that groundwater markets in the North China are emerging and have the similar characteristics as those in many South Asian countries, such as unregulated, localized and fragmented. The major determinants of groundwater market development include property rights of tubewells, the scarcity of water and land resources. With the development of groundwater markets, its impacts on agricultural production, farmer livelihood, groundwater use and environment need father study.